From Plato’s search for hidden forms to Bernoulli’s law of large numbers and Markov’s breakthrough on dependent events, this story traces how mathematicians discovered the patterns hidden inside ...
A Markov chain is a sequence of random variables that satisfies P(X t+1 ∣X t ,X t−1 ,…,X 1 )=P(X t+1 ∣X t ). Simply put, it is a sequence in which X t+1 depends only on X t and appears before X t−1 ...
Imagine examining the first 20,000 letters of a book, counting frequencies and studying patterns. This is precisely what Andrey Markov did when he analysed the text of Alexander Pushkin's verse novel ...